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140. 单词拆分 II#

问题描述#

给定一个非空字符串 s 和一个包含非空单词列表的字典 wordDict,在字符串中增加空格来构建一个句子,使得句子中所有的单词都在词典中。返回所有这些可能的句子。

说明:

  • 分隔时可以重复使用字典中的单词。
  • 你可以假设字典中没有重复的单词。

示例 1:

输入:
s = "catsanddog"
wordDict = ["cat", "cats", "and", "sand", "dog"]
输出:
[
  "cats and dog",
  "cat sand dog"
]

示例 2:

输入:
s = "pineapplepenapple"
wordDict = ["apple", "pen", "applepen", "pine", "pineapple"]
输出:
[
  "pine apple pen apple",
  "pineapple pen apple",
  "pine applepen apple"
]
解释: 注意你可以重复使用字典中的单词。

示例 3:

输入:
s = "catsandog"
wordDict = ["cats", "dog", "sand", "and", "cat"]
输出:
[]

解题思路#

递归实现。

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class Solution:
    def wordBreak(self, s: str, wordDict: List[str]) -> List[str]:
        word_set = set(wordDict)
        len_s = len(s)
        v = {len_s: [[]]} # 保存中间结果,避免重复计算

        def f(k: int) -> List[List[str]]:
            if k in v:
                return v[k]
            p = []
            for i in range(k, len_s):
                if s[k : i + 1] in word_set:
                    rest_break_words = f(i + 1)
                    for words in rest_break_words:
                        p.append([s[k : i + 1]] + words)
            v[k] = p
            return p

        return [" ".join(words) for words in f(0)]
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